Organizations & Markets

In a contingent claims framework, with a single issue of debt and full information, we show that the presence of a bankruptcy code with automatic stay, absolute priority rules, and potential debt forgiveness, can lead to significant conflicts of interest between the borrowers and lenders. In the first-best outcome, the code can add significant value to both parties by way of higher debt capacity, lower spreads, and improvement in the overall value of the firm.

This paper presents an approach to modeling workers where human performance has a significant impact on system productivity. Highly technical industries such as semiconductor manufacturing and service industries like banking are relying on fewer but more skilled workers. In these systems, productivity depends on worker availability and organization; therefore, modeling system performance may require accurate representations of individual worker behavior.

In an environment where trading volume affects security prices and where prices are uncertain when trades are submitted, quasi-arbitrage is the availability of a series of trades that generate infinite expected profits with an infinite Sharpe ratio. We show that when the price impact of trades is permanent and time-independent, only linear price-impact functions rule out quasi-arbitrage and thus support viable market prices. When trades have also a temporary price impact, only the permanent price impact must be linear while the temporary one can be of a more general form.

Griliches' 1994 presidential address considers the limited success economists had in trying to account for the productivity slowdown of the 1970s and 1980s and "urges us toward the task of observation and measurement." In the 1990s, the high rates of productivity growth emphasized the need for new models of productivity, this time turning to estimating organization-level determinants of productivity focusing on businesses' use of new computer-based information technologies (IT), and new methods of work organization (Timothy Bresnahan et al., 2002).

How do people react to those who have helped them? The authors propose that a recipient's evaluation of a helper's intentions and the recipient's own attitudes about future interactions with the helper depend partly on the recipient's perceptions of how the helper decided to assist: on the basis of affect, of role, or of cost-benefit calculation.

The question of whether higherlifetime income households save a larger fraction of their income was the subject of much debate in the 1950s and 1960s, and while not resolved, it remains central to the evaluation of tax and macroeconomic policies. We resolve this long-standing question using new empirical methods applied to the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, the Survey of Consumer Finances, and the Consumer Expenditure Survey.

Product Management, 4th ed., by Lehmann and Winer is a defining text that covers three major tasks facing today's product mangers: analyzing the market, developing objectives and strategies for the product or service in question, and making decisions about price, advertising, promotion, channels of distribution and service. Product Management utilizes the familiar Marketing Plan as the unifying framework for its lessons, and takes a "hands-on" approach toward preparing graduates to assume the position of product manager.

The present study sought to examine the relationship between managers' perceptions of employee motivation and performance appraisal by surveying managers and employees in three distinct cultural regions (North America, Asia, and Latin America) within a single global organization. Although the patterns of employee self-perceptions did not vary across the six countries sampled, three distinct cultural patterns emerged in the theories managers held about their subordinates.